Why does a silver voltameter give accurate results than a copper voltameter?
Answers
Answer:
Silver voltmeter give accurate results than a copper voltmeter because it is the good conductor of electricity than copper and due to silver is expensive we use copper for the wires etc..,
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A voltameter or coulometer is a scientific instrument used for measuring quantity of electricity (electric charge) through electrolytic action. The SI unit of quantity of electricity is the coulomb.
The voltameter should not be confused with a voltmeter, which measures electric potential. The SI unit for electric potential is the volt.
Types of voltameter Edit
The voltameter is an electrolytic cell and the measurement is made by weighing the element deposited or released at the cathode in a specified time.
Silver voltameter Edit
This is the most accurate type. It consists of two silver plates in a solution of silver nitrate. When current is flowing, silver dissolves at the anode and is deposited at the cathode. The cathode is initially massed, current is passed for a measured time and the cathode is massed again.
Copper coulometer Edit
Main article: Copper coulometer
This is similar to the silver voltameter but the anode and cathode are copper and the solution is copper sulfate, acidified with sulfuric acid. It is cheaper than the silver voltameter, but slightly less accurate.
Mercury voltameter Edit
Main article: Mercury coulometer
In this device, mercury is used to determine the amount of charges transformed during the following reaction:
{\displaystyle {\ce {{Hg2+}+2e-<=>Hg^{\circ }}}}{\displaystyle {\ce {{Hg2+}+2e-<=>Hg^{\circ }}}}
These oxidation/reduction processes have 100% efficiency with the wide range of the current densities. Measuring of the quantity of electricity (coulombs) is based on the changes of the mass of the mercury electrode. Mass of the electrode can be increased during cathodic deposition of the mercury ions or decreased during the anodic dissolution of the metal.
Sulphuric acid voltameter Edit
The anode and cathode are platinum and the solution is dilute sulphuric acid. Hydrogen is released at the cathode and collected in a graduated tube so that its volume can be measured. The volume is adjusted to standard temperature and pressure and the mass of hydrogen is calculated from the volume. This kind of voltameter is sometimes called Hofmann voltameter.