Question

why does an athlete take the longer jump if he comes running from a distance then when he jumps from the take off line?

explain your answer

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Answer 1

increase the force as the running will decrease down the force of inertia because they will a creation of pressure by running and this will give a mole most rewatchable effect to the force which the athlete wants to put on the jumper and by running it will increase the momentum that is mass of the athlete will will overcome the inertia

Answer 2

because as heruns from a wider distance to cover a object the speed increases when he jumps the speed results in him over coming the distance

however if he jumps suddenly he will hit the object fall down break an arm



The athlete is not able to take a longer jump when he suddenly takes off from the line because he possesses "Inertia of Rest" because he takes the jump and since he tries to resist a change in the state of rest, he is not able to take a long jump. 

However, when he runs from a distance and takes his time in doing that, then he already possesses "Inertia of Motion" and hence he does not resist any change in the state of motion when he takes his jump as he will still be in motion.
 
And that's how he is able to take a better or a longer jump. Hope you got the answer you needed.