Why does an atom emit beta particle?
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Answer: The beta particle has the same mass and charge as an electron. It differs from the electron in its origin. The beta particle, which may be either negatively charged (negatrons) or positively charged (positrons), originates from the nucleus of an atom. A beta particle is emitted from the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay. The electron, however, occupies regions outside the nucleus of an atom. The beta particle, like the electron, has a very small mass compared to the proton or neutron. Its mass is 1/1836 that of the proton mass or 1/1838 that of the neutron mass. The beta particle has an origin in addition to that of the decaying nucleus. The beta particle may be produced in pairs, one positive and the other negative in charge, by the conversion of gamma radiation energy into the mass of two beta particles in the vicinity of a nucleus. This phenomenon is referred to as pair production.
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