why does antenna radiate energy in different directions
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All accelerated charges radiate. We know that an electric current in a conductoris simply a mass migration of free electrons. If the current is alternating, as in an antenna, the free electrons in a given locality move back and forth in unison. So everything that conducts alternating current acts as an antenna. The essential thing is that antenna will radiate Energy (as emwaves). To radiate any significant amount of energy, theantenna has to be a 'reasonable' size compared with the wavelength. In antenna you have to transfer power (the energy is contained involtages and currents) into electromagnetic radiation (where the energy is contained inthe E- and H-fields) travelling away from the antenna. We have a classical understanding (the waves leave one antenna and eventually encounter another receiver antenna)
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