●•why does benzoic acid not participate in friedel-craft reaction?.
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The -COOH gr (carboxylic group) attached to the benzene ring is electron withdrawing and ring deactivating. Benzoic acid does not undergo Friedel-Craft Alkylation Reaction. The reagent then undergoes polymerization, degradation and is not available for the reaction with the substrates of low reactivity.
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Benzoic acid do not undergo Friedel Crafts reactions.
This is because of following reasons.
°The carboxylic group is strongly deactivating.
°The Lewis acid catalyst (AlCl3) gets bonded to the carboxylic group strongly.
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