Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of the dry litmus paper?
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The colour of litmus paper is changed by the hydrogen ions. Dry HCl does not contain hydrogen ions (H). An acid eg: HCl dissociates only in aqueous solution to give ions. Since, in this case, neither HCI is in the aqueous form nor litmus paper is wet. Therefore, the colour of litmus paper does not change.
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