why does electron affinity of chlorine is larger than fluorine ?
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Fluorine, though higher than chlorinein the periodic table, has a very small atomic size. This makes the fluoride anion so formed unstable (highly reactive) due to a very high charge/mass ratio. ... As a result,fluorine has an electron affinity lessthan that of chlorine
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The electron affinity of an element is the energy released when one mole of the element in the gaseous state each gain an electron under standard conditions.
Down a group, electron affinity typically decreases. This is because the atomic radius increases down a group. The electron gained ends up in the outermost shell. It is farther away from the nucleus and thus feels a weaker attraction. Less energy is released.
However, there are exceptions. Fluorine, which is higher up the group then chlorine, has a lower electron affinity. This is because the electrons in the outermost shell of a fluorine atom are closer together. The electron gained also feels a great amount of repulsion from the electrons originally in the outermost shell. Energy is required to keep the gained electron in the shell, causing fluorine to have a smaller electron affinity than chlorine.
Down a group, electron affinity typically decreases. This is because the atomic radius increases down a group. The electron gained ends up in the outermost shell. It is farther away from the nucleus and thus feels a weaker attraction. Less energy is released.
However, there are exceptions. Fluorine, which is higher up the group then chlorine, has a lower electron affinity. This is because the electrons in the outermost shell of a fluorine atom are closer together. The electron gained also feels a great amount of repulsion from the electrons originally in the outermost shell. Energy is required to keep the gained electron in the shell, causing fluorine to have a smaller electron affinity than chlorine.
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