Question

Why does it happen? a. A ship dips to a larger depth in fresh water as compared to marine water. b. Fruits can easily be cut with a sharp knife. c. The wall of a dam is broad at its base. d. If a stationary bus suddenly speeds up, passengers are thrown in the backward direction.

Answer 1

a)
Marine Water contains Water along with Salts and compounds like NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, etc., which increase the overall density of the water and the relative density increases, whereas, in Fresh Water, Only PURE H2O is found and the relative density of the fluid is decreased and the Ship tends to go deeper than in Marine water.

b)
A sharp knife has a sharp edge. A sharp edge means less surface area. But since the force applied on all objects by the same system is the same, from the formula,
P = F/A
Pressure (P) is inversely proportional to the Area (A),
Hence, the pressure is high in a sharp knife and therefore it cuts fruits with ease.

c)
Water Pressure increases with depth, with the formula,
P = h•d•g
where,
P = Aqueous Pressure,
h = Height/Depth,
d = Density,
g = Acceleration due to Gravity.
To obstruct the pressure, the base of a dam is made broad increasing the width of the dam to withstand the pressure.

d)
Every Object in this Universe has Mass and Mass has the property of Inertia, it depends on the mass of the object, more the mass, more the Inertia. Inertia of mass is the property of the object which keeps in in it motion state (At rest, if the object is at rest, and in motion, if the object is in motion) until an external force is applied. When a bus starts and accelerates suddenly, the passengers' state of motion (rest) is disturbed and the Inertia throws them back to keep them at rest.

Answer 2

Answer:

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