Question

Why does mughal period and sultanate period not called as colonial period and british period is called colonial period?

Answer 1

The Mughal Empire (Persian: گورکانیان‎, translit. Gūrkāniyān;[9] Urdu: مغلیہ سلطنت‎, translit. Mughliyah Saltanat) hior Mogul Empire] was an empire in the Indian subcontinent, founded in 1526. It was established and ruled by the Timurid dynasty, with Turco-Mongol Chagatai roots from Central Asia, claiming direct descent from both Genghis Khan (through his son Chagatai Khan) and Timur, and with significant Indian Rajput and Persian ancestry through marriage alliances;  the first two Mughal emperors had both parents of Central Asian ancestry, while successive emperors were of predominantly Rajput and Persian ancestry.[17]The dynasty was Indo-Persian in culture,[18]combining Persianate culture[11][19] with local Indian cultural influences[18] visible in its court culture and administrative customs.[20]

Mughal Empire


گورکانیان  (Persian)
Gūrkāniyān
مغلیہ سلطنت  (Urdu)
Mug̱liyah Salṭanat

1526–1540

1555–1857



The empire at its greatest extent, in ca. 1700

Capital

Agra (1526–1540; 1555–1571; 1598–1648)

Fatehpur Sikri (1571–1585)

Lahore (May 1586–1598)

Shahjahanabad, Delhi(1648–1857)

Common languages

Persian (official and court language)[1]

Arabic (for religious ceremonies)

Chagatai Turkic (only initially)

Urdu (language of the ruling classes, later given official status)[2]

Other South Asian languages

Religion

Sunni Islam (1526–1857)

Din-i Ilahi (1582–1605)

GovernmentAbsolute monarchy, 
unitary state with federal structure, 
centralized autarchy Emperor

• 1526–1530

Babur (first)

• 1837–1857

Bahadur Shah II (last)Historical eraEarly modern

• First Battle of Panipat

21 April 1526

• Empire interrupted by Sur Empire

1540–1555

• Mughal–Maratha Wars

1680-1707

• Death of Aurangzeb

3 March 1707

• Battle of Karnal

24 February 1739

• Carnatic Wars

1746–1763

• Siege of Delhi

21