why does nanoparticles of iron is brown
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In addition to the above answer, Magnetite can get oxidized to maghemite. Magnetite is essentially a spinel FeO.Fe2O3, and the FeO part can get oxidized to form maghemite (overall crystal structure changes very little). This phase also has a reddish brown color. Powder XRD cannot distinguish between magnetite and maghemite (especially for nanoparticles). Maghemite is a distinct phase that is quite different from the very weakly magnetic heamatite (orange-red).
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