Why does phenol react differently to conc. HNO3 and dilute HNO3
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This increase in electron density makes the benzene ring in phenol a stronger nucleophile, which increases the rate of substitution by the powerful NO2+ electrophile formed from nitric acid. Phenol can also react with concentrated nitric acid in electrophilic substitution to form 2,4,6-trinitrophenol.
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