Question

why does plant cell can withstand better than animal cell in detail ?
. explain the principles​

Answer 1

The Composition of the Cell Wall Depends on the Cell Type

All cell walls in plants have their origin in dividing cells, as the cell plate forms during cytokinesis to create a new partition wall between the daughter cells (discussed in Chapter 18). The new cells are usually produced in special regions called meristems (discussed in Chapter 21), and they are generally small in comparison with their final size. To accommodate subsequent cell growth, their walls, called primary cell walls, are thin and extensible, although tough. Once growth stops, the wall no longer needs to be extensible: sometimes the primary wall is retained without major modification, but, more commonly, a rigid, secondary cell wall is produced by depositing new layers inside the old ones. These may either have a composition similar to that of the primary wall or be markedly different. The most common additional polymer in secondary walls is lignin, a complex network of phenolic compounds found in the walls of the xylem vessels and fiber cells of woody tissues.The plant cell wall thus has a “skeletal” role in supporting the structure of the plant as a whole, a protective role as an enclosure for each cell individually, and a transport role, helping to form channels for the movement of fluid in the plant. When plant cells become specialized, they generally adopt a specific shape and produce specially adapted types of walls, according to which the different types of cells in a plant can be recognized and classified (Figure 19-69; see also Panel 21-3).



Cellulose. Cellulose molecules are long, unbranched chains of β1,4-linked glucose units. Each glucose is inverted with respect to its neighbors, and the resulting disacchride repeat occurs hundreds of times in a single cellulose molecule.