Question

Why does sun appear oval in shape during sunset and sunrise?

Answer 1

Answer:

At sunrise and sunset, the sun is near the horizon. The rays of light from the upper part and lower part of the periphery of the sun bend unequally on travelling through earth's atmosphere. That is why the sun appears oval or flattened at the time of sunrise and sunset.

At noon, the sun is overhead. The rays of light from the sun enter earth's atmosphere normally. Therefore, they suffer no refraction or bending on passing through earth's atmosphere. Hence the sun appears circular at noon.

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Answer 2

The sun looks flattened or deformed during sunrise or sunset due to the refraction of light by these layers.

Explanation:

1. From the emptiness of space, sunlight reaches the Earth's atmosphere. Air has a refractive index of 1.0029 when compared to vacuum. This indicates that light travels at a speed of 1.0029 times slower in the air than it does in a vacuum.
2. Light rays must travel a greater distance through the atmosphere during sunrise and sunset than in the afternoon when the sun is directly overhead.
3. Because air grows thinner as height rises, the atmosphere isn't uniform and has a layered structure. As a result, light rays are refracted indefinitely until they reach our sight.