Why does the efferent arteriole leading from glomerulus carry thicker blood?
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Explanation:
The efferent arteriole carries thicker blood because ultrafiltration occurs in the glomerulus. Ultra-filtration is the first step of urine formation and occurs due to the high hydro-static pressure. This high pressure is caused because the efferent (outgoing) arteriole is narrower than the afferent (incoming) arteriole. The blood comes through the afferent arteriole, filters through the glomerulus, and leaves through the efferent arteriole. But before that the ultrafiltration causes some components of the blood to continue into the nephron (kidney tubule) while the rest of the blood leaves through the efferent arteriole. The water, glucose, some salts, creatinine and most of the liquid components continue into the kidney tubule, specifically the proximal convoluted tubule, to become urine. This is called the glomerular filtrate. Since the blood leaving the knotted mass of capillaries (the glomerulus) and going into the efferent arteriole is essentially free from most of the liquid components , it is concentrated and thick, as it is mainly the blood corpuscles.
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