why does the food chain consists of 3 to 4 steps only?
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the loss of energy at each step is so big that a very little usable energy is left after three or four trophic levels to support the next trophic level
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On an average, only 10% of the food available to a trophic level is transferred to the next trophic level. Since, the amount of available energy keeps on becoming less as we move to higher trophic levels, so very little usable energy remains after four trophic levels. That is why a food chain consists of only three to four steps
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