Question

why doesn't a matchstick rubbed slowly against a matchbox does not light up​

Answer 1

Answer:

The striking surface of the matchbox contains red phosphorus and the head of the matchstick contains potassium chlorate. So when the matchstick is rubbed on the matchbox, some of the red phosphorus is converted to white phosphorus, a chemical i.e. so volatile that it ignites in air.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

The first invented matchstick used to get ignited even on slight unintended friction. The tip of the matchstick contained a highly combustible mixture of sulphur & phosphorus which got ignited even with the slightest friction. These matchsticks were responsible for many accidental fires.

This design was later on improved by a sweden inventor. The technique was invented in which both the explosive substances were kept separate. The tip of the matchstick was applied with a mixture of combustible sulphur & an oxidizing agent potassium chlorate & the sides of the matchbox was coated with a mixture of powdered glass & red phosphorus. When the tip of matchstick is dragged against the striking surface of the matchbox with sufficient force, the friction between the powdered glass surfaces generates enough heat to convert red phosphorus into white phosphorus thus releasing heat & causing the oxidizing agent to react with sulphur creating a flame. These matches were known as safety matches.

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