Question

Why early diagnosis of tuberculosis is difficult ?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Active tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy are difficult to diagnose early because there are few organisms to detect and the specific immune response does not distinguish between active and inactive disease.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Systematic screening has the potential to detected TB in people who would otherwise go undiagnosed or would be diagnosed too late. If done in the right way and targeting the right people, systematic screening can reduce suffering and deaths. However, potential benefits need to balanced against the risks and costs of screening. Mass screening and screening in low-risk groups should be avoided since it risks wasting resources and causing more harm than good. The prioritization of high-risk groups for screening, as well as the choice of screening approach depend on the local TB epidemiology, the health-system context, and the resources available. Systematic screening should be considered as a complementary targeted approach after appropriate efforts have been made to address barriers along the “patient-initiated pathway.”

For more information see Systematic screening for active tuberculosis- Principles and recommendations and Operational guidance on systematic screening for active tuberculosis. An online tool- ScreenTB - to help prioritization of risk groups and chose appropriate screening and diagnostic algorithms has been developed.