Why electric current is a macroscopic property,if the definition goes like...'rate of flow of charge..where charge is microscopic?
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Electrical current can be carried by conduction electrons, or by 'holes'.
For ordinary matter, there is roughly one electron per two daltons of matter, which is to say, 12NAe12NAe. This roughly works out at 480∗106480∗106 coulombs per kilogram. Many of these electrons are bound in the inner orbitals, but there are still plenty of conduction electrons per kilogram, that a 10-ampere current is not going to move in a day.
The bulk of electric current is then carried by random jumps of a very tiny amount of conduction electrons, which slush through the metal, or a similar process of an absence of electrons (holes), bubbling the other way through the metal, under the effect of EE along the conductor. The exact nature of the carrier is found by the Hall effect.
The field, on the other hand, travels very fast. But it is a field, not a flow of electrons. This mainly happens, from each segment of the wire, and is replenished by similar currents started in the previous segment of wire.
The energy is carried outside the conductor, in the poynting vector. The purpose of the conductor is to shape these fields.
For ordinary matter, there is roughly one electron per two daltons of matter, which is to say, 12NAe12NAe. This roughly works out at 480∗106480∗106 coulombs per kilogram. Many of these electrons are bound in the inner orbitals, but there are still plenty of conduction electrons per kilogram, that a 10-ampere current is not going to move in a day.
The bulk of electric current is then carried by random jumps of a very tiny amount of conduction electrons, which slush through the metal, or a similar process of an absence of electrons (holes), bubbling the other way through the metal, under the effect of EE along the conductor. The exact nature of the carrier is found by the Hall effect.
The field, on the other hand, travels very fast. But it is a field, not a flow of electrons. This mainly happens, from each segment of the wire, and is replenished by similar currents started in the previous segment of wire.
The energy is carried outside the conductor, in the poynting vector. The purpose of the conductor is to shape these fields.
london2023:
Thnk u so much frnd
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