Question

why element sodium is monovalent

Answer 1

Answer:

It has 1 electron in its last shell which means it has 1 valence electron. In order to get stability by acquiring nearest noble gas configuration. Sodium prefers to loose 1 electron. Hence, we say that sodium has a valency of one and is thus monovalent.

Answer 2

Sodium has one electron in its valence shell and needs to remove it to attain noble gas configuration. So it gets ionized and gives one electron to another compound to form a compound. Thus, it has a valence of 1 and is called as a monovalent atom.