Question

why extreme temperature variation can be observed on the surface of moon?

Answer 1

because moon does not have atmosphere which results in variation of temperature it gets hot when it is near to sun and at the night time the temperature get down to minus 100 degree Celsius.

Answer 2

The Moon experiences extreme temperature variations because of the absence of a proper atmosphere layer on its surface.The atmosphere of moon coantains 95-97% of carbon dioxide and life supporting gases are not present.