Question

why fluorine forms f- ion whereas oxygen forms O2- ion?

Answer 1

F- is due to the absence 1 electron in outer most shell make it unstable so to make stable it needs 1 electron so it gains 1 electron and becomes stable.

Similarly for o2- it needs 2 electron for stability so it gains 2 electrons and becomes o2-

Answer 2

To form stable noble gas configuration.

Explanation:

Electronic configuration represents the total number of electrons that a neutral element contains. We add all the superscripts to know the number of electrons in an atom.

Florine is element with atomic number 7 and oxygen is an element with atomic number of 8. Thus Florine needs to accept one electron and oxygen needs to accept 2 electrons to form stable elements.

$F:9:1s^22s^22p^5$

$F^-:10:1s^22s^22p^6$

$O:8:1s^22s^22p^4$

$O^{2-}:10:1s^22s^22p^6$

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