Question

why gems and stones are colourful

Answer 1

due to pressence of carbon-dioxide

Answer 2

The colors of the spectrum that are visible to us are red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet. If all the different wavelengths of light pass through a gemstone, it will appear colorless. ... Most gemstones are allochromatic, meaning that they are colored by impurities or trace elements in their crystal structure.

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