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Why green revolution was confined in North Western part of India?

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Green Revolution in India

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The state of Punjab led India's Green Revolution and earned the distinction of being the country's bread basket.[1]

The Green Revolution in India refers to a period of time when agriculture in Indiachanged to an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technology such as high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, fertilizers etc. Green revolution was started by Norman Borlaug. The key leadership role played by the Indian agricultural scientist M.S.Swaminathan together with many others including GS Kalkat, M.S.Swaminathan earned him the popularly used title 'Father of Green Revolution of India'. The Green Revolutionallowed developing countries, like India, to try to overcome poor agricultural productivity. Within India, this started in the early 1960s and led to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, HaryanaplusUttar Pradesh(especially Western UP) during the early phase. The main development was higher-yielding varieties of wheat,[2] for developing rust resistant strains of wheat.[3]

Practices

Problems that were addressedEdit

Frequent faminesEdit

Famines in India were very frequent during the period 1940s to 1970s. Due to faulty distribution of food, and because farmers did not receive the true value for their labour, the majority of the population did not get enough food.[6] Malnutrition and starvation was a huge problem.[citation needed]

Lack of financeEdit

Marginal farmers found it very difficult to get finance and credit at economical rates from the government and banks and hence, fell as easy prey to the money lenders. They took loans from zamindars, who charged high rates of interests and also exploited the farmers later on to work in their fields to repay the loans (farm labourers).[citation needed]Proper financing was not given during the Green Revolution period, which created a lot of problems and sufferings to the farmers of India. Government also helped those under loans.

Lack of self-sufficiencyEdit

Due to traditional agricultural practices, low productivity, and a growing population, often food grains were imported — draining scarce foreign reserves. It was thought that with the increased production due to the Green Revolution, the government could maintain buffer stock and India could achieve self-sufficiency and self-reliability.[citation needed]

Agriculture was basically for subsistence and, therefore, less agricultural product was offered for sale in the market. Hence, the need was felt to encourage the farmers to increase their production and offer a greater portion of their products for sale in the market. The new methods in agriculture increased the yield of rice and wheat, which reduced India's dependence on food imports.

Criticisms

References

Last edited 31 minutes ago by Mean as custard

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