Question

why halogens have high electron affinity

Answer 1

Electron affinity of an atom depends on certain factors. Most important of them is -

Number of protons and size of atom: Halogens are smaller atoms compared to their friends in same horizontal lines in the modern Periodic table. The smaller size concludes more control of nucleus on the outer shell. So it is easier put an electron in the outer shell in halogens.

There is an anomaly in the graph that F being smaller than Cl has higher EA than Cl. This is due to available space in the outer shell. There is a significant amount of repulsion to the incoming electron in F than Cl, hence the higher energy is required.

Answer 2

Electron affinity is the process of acquiring an electron....

As the halogen are eager to accept an electron to become a stable noble gas electronic configuration....

So halogens have high electron affinity...

Hope this helps you...
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