why HF and H2O have abnormally high boiling points
Answers
Answer:
The difference between hydrogen and fluorine's electronegativity is higher in the case of HF. Because of this, the HF molecule is highly polarised, which causes strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds to bind molecules together. The increased boiling point for HF is so noted.
Hydrogen bonds are very powerful intermolecular connections, and it takes a lot of energy to break one. Water has a high boiling point because it takes a lot of heat to break the intermolecular connections that hold water molecules together (energy).
Explanation:
The intermolecular forces of attraction, which in turn depend on the differences in electronegativities of the coupled species, determine the boiling point.
Fluorine has the highest electronegativity of any element. that it takes pleasure in drawing electrons. Fluorine's polarity intensifies when it interacts with hydrogen, leading to hydrogen bonding, which is essentially just an extreme dipole. Chlorine is unable to form a polar molecule because it lacks the attraction of its halogen counterpart.
Hydrogen fluoride molecules tend to bind together due to hydrogen bonding, which makes it more difficult to separate them and convert them from a liquid to a gas. It is simpler to separate hydrogen chloride molecules because they lack hydrogen bonds.
Two lone pairs of oxygen are found in the H2O molecule. As a result, H2O molecules can create an average of four hydrogen bonds. Water molecules participate in increased hydrogen bonding as a result. It is highly challenging to disassemble the bulky molecule of water because of its strong connections. It takes a lot of energy to release all of its ties. H2O has a higher boiling point as a result.
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