Why insulin hexamer forms monomer under acidic conditions?
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Why does insulin have a glutamate if it is potentially deleterious to hexamer formation? It is likely that this residue promotes the dissociation of the hexamer into the active monomeric form once in the bloodstream. The amino acid sequence of mature insulin is highly conserved across the animal kingdom.
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Insulin is composed of 51 amino acids in two peptide chains (A and B) linked by two disulfide bonds. The three-dimensional structure of the insulin molecule (insulin monomer), essentially the same in solution and in solid phase, exists in two main conformations.
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