Question

Why is 112 an emergency number?

Answer 1

Heya mate here is your answer,
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112 is called the emergency number because calls on this number are diverted to the police.

Answer 2

112 is the common emergency telephone number that can be dialed free of charge from most mobile telephones and, in some countries, fixed telephones in order to reach emergency services (ambulance, fire and rescue, police)

The 112 number is the emergency number for European Union countries, but if you dial it on a GSM phone while in the United States, your call will be redirected to 911.

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