why is ammonolysis of the alkyl halide not a suitable method for preparation of primary amine
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When alkyl halide is heated with alcoholic solution of excess ammonia it undergoes nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the halogen atom is replaced by an amino (-NH2) group to form primary amine. This process of breaking of C-X bond by ammonia is known as ammonolysis. The reaction is also known as alkylation of ammonia. The reaction is carried out in a sealed tube at 373 K. It may be noted that the primary amine obtained in the 1st step is stronger nucleophile than ammonia. Hence, it further reacts with alkyl halide to form secondary and tertiary amines and finally quaternary ammonium salt if NH3 is not used in large excess.
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