Why is an open-circuit test conducted at the rated voltage and short-circuit test performed at the rated current?
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Answer:
The purpose of the open-circuit test is to determine the no-load current and losses of the transformer because of which their no-load parameters are determined. This test is performed on the primary winding of the transformer. The wattmeter, ammeter and the voltage are connected to their primary winding.
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Explanation:
This test is performed to find out the shunt or no load branch parameters of equivalent circuit of a transformer. This test results the iron losses and no load current values, thereby we can determine the no load branch parameters with simple calculations.
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