Why is federalism important in india for upsc answer?
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Answered by
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Here is your answer...
✨Definition of Federalism ➡️➡️➡️
⭕Federalism is a system of government in which powers have been divided between the centre and its constituent parts such as provinces or states. The constituent units possess certain level of autonomy depending on type of federation.
⭕There are two types of federations:
♣️ Holding together federation: In this form of federation, the powers are shared among various social groups/constituent parts to accomodate the diversity present in the society. In this type of federation, the powers are somewhat tilted towards the central authority.
♣️Coming together federation: In this form of federation, the independent states come together to form a bigger unit and sacrifice some of their powers to be enjoyed by the central authority. The states here enjoy more autonomy as compared to the states in "holding together federation" system.
➡️The features of federal system include governments atleast at two levels, division of powers between different levels of the government, rigidity of constitution, independent judiciary, bicameralism, dual citizenship etc.
✨Indian Model of Federalism
➡️The Government of India Act, 1919 introduced the concept of division of powers between the centre and the provincial legislatures by separating the central and provincial subjects. The Constitution of does not mention India as a 'federation' but 'Union of states'
⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️Below are the features of the federalism followed in India:⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️
(1) Supremacy of the constitution:Constitution is the supreme law in India. The constitution is regarded as the guide in framing policies of the government. It lays out the ideas and philosphy of the constitution framers.
(2) Written constitution: India has the lengthiest written constitution in the whole world. The provisions of the constitution of India have been drawn from various sources. Indian constitution is a blend of rigidity and flexibity.
(3) Vertical power sharing: The Constitution has divided the powers between the Union and the States. It helps in accomodating diversity of the country. It enables the state governments to take decision with flexibility according to the local needs.
(4) Horizontal power sharing: India has three wings of the government- Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. Unlike USA, in India political executive is a part of the legislature.
(5) Bicameralism: The Parliament of India has two houses - Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. Most of the states in India do not have bicameral legislature.
(6) Independent judiciary: The Indian constitution provides for an independent and an integrated judicial system. The lower courts and the district courts are at the local level, high courts at the state level and the Supreme court is the highest court of the country.
✨Critical Appraisal of Indian Federalism
⭕Features such as horizontal and vertical power sharing, independent judiciary, written constitution, supremacy of constitution and bicameralism strengthen India's federalism. Though, India has adopted federal form of government, but it does not follow certain principles of federalism
⬇️⬇️⬇️These features have been mentioned here:
(1) Not a rigid constitution:
(2) Centre more powerful:
(3) Unequal representation of states in Upper House:
(4) Executive is a part of legislature:
(5) Lok Sabha more powerful than Rajya Sabha:
(6) Emergency Powers
(7) Integrated judiciary:
(8) Single citizenship:
(9) Appointment of governor:
(10) All India Services
(11) States not indestructible:
(12) Veto over states bill:
(13) Integrated Election Machinery:
(14) Integrated Audit Machinery
(15) Authority to remove key functionaries:
...... ALONE BUT HAPPY.......
Hope it helps you!!!!!
Here is your answer...
✨Definition of Federalism ➡️➡️➡️
⭕Federalism is a system of government in which powers have been divided between the centre and its constituent parts such as provinces or states. The constituent units possess certain level of autonomy depending on type of federation.
⭕There are two types of federations:
♣️ Holding together federation: In this form of federation, the powers are shared among various social groups/constituent parts to accomodate the diversity present in the society. In this type of federation, the powers are somewhat tilted towards the central authority.
♣️Coming together federation: In this form of federation, the independent states come together to form a bigger unit and sacrifice some of their powers to be enjoyed by the central authority. The states here enjoy more autonomy as compared to the states in "holding together federation" system.
➡️The features of federal system include governments atleast at two levels, division of powers between different levels of the government, rigidity of constitution, independent judiciary, bicameralism, dual citizenship etc.
✨Indian Model of Federalism
➡️The Government of India Act, 1919 introduced the concept of division of powers between the centre and the provincial legislatures by separating the central and provincial subjects. The Constitution of does not mention India as a 'federation' but 'Union of states'
⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️Below are the features of the federalism followed in India:⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️
(1) Supremacy of the constitution:Constitution is the supreme law in India. The constitution is regarded as the guide in framing policies of the government. It lays out the ideas and philosphy of the constitution framers.
(2) Written constitution: India has the lengthiest written constitution in the whole world. The provisions of the constitution of India have been drawn from various sources. Indian constitution is a blend of rigidity and flexibity.
(3) Vertical power sharing: The Constitution has divided the powers between the Union and the States. It helps in accomodating diversity of the country. It enables the state governments to take decision with flexibility according to the local needs.
(4) Horizontal power sharing: India has three wings of the government- Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. Unlike USA, in India political executive is a part of the legislature.
(5) Bicameralism: The Parliament of India has two houses - Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. Most of the states in India do not have bicameral legislature.
(6) Independent judiciary: The Indian constitution provides for an independent and an integrated judicial system. The lower courts and the district courts are at the local level, high courts at the state level and the Supreme court is the highest court of the country.
✨Critical Appraisal of Indian Federalism
⭕Features such as horizontal and vertical power sharing, independent judiciary, written constitution, supremacy of constitution and bicameralism strengthen India's federalism. Though, India has adopted federal form of government, but it does not follow certain principles of federalism
⬇️⬇️⬇️These features have been mentioned here:
(1) Not a rigid constitution:
(2) Centre more powerful:
(3) Unequal representation of states in Upper House:
(4) Executive is a part of legislature:
(5) Lok Sabha more powerful than Rajya Sabha:
(6) Emergency Powers
(7) Integrated judiciary:
(8) Single citizenship:
(9) Appointment of governor:
(10) All India Services
(11) States not indestructible:
(12) Veto over states bill:
(13) Integrated Election Machinery:
(14) Integrated Audit Machinery
(15) Authority to remove key functionaries:
...... ALONE BUT HAPPY.......
Hope it helps you!!!!!
Answered by
24
India, a nation with many languages and regions, emerged as an independent nation after a long and painful partition. Several princely states became a part of the country soon after independence. India was declared as a Union of States, by the Constitution. The Indian Union is based on the principles of federalism. When we look at the features mentioned above and if we apply it to the provisions of the Indian Constitution, we can see that almost every aspect is similar.
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