why is helium inert
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Helium (He), chemical element, inert gas of Group 18 (noble gases) of the periodic table. The second lightest element (only hydrogen is lighter), helium is a colourless, odourless, and tasteless gas that becomes liquid at −268.9 °C (−452 °F).
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This is because a helium atom is loath to give up its two electrons, which perfectly fill its only electron shell. ... Elements with shells that are already full and have no electrons to lend are called noble gases—and helium, the smallest of these, is considered the most inert.
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Helium is an inert gas because it has a valency of 0. This means that the outermost shell of helium atom has maximum number of electrons. This is why it does not react with other elements.
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