why is ionization enthalpy of Tl is higher than Ga
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Ionisation enthalpy of the group 13 elements is not regular. Here is the order of the first IE of these elements-
B > Tl > Ga > Al > In
This irregular trend is attributed to d-block and f-block contraction.
D-orbitals have a very weak shielding effect and f-orbitals even more so. The weak shielding of these orbitals causes the effective nuclear charge on the outermost electron to increase. As a result, these electrons are pulled closer and held more strongly by the nucleus.
Here is a periodic table to explain the irregularities better
B > Tl > Ga > Al > In
This irregular trend is attributed to d-block and f-block contraction.
D-orbitals have a very weak shielding effect and f-orbitals even more so. The weak shielding of these orbitals causes the effective nuclear charge on the outermost electron to increase. As a result, these electrons are pulled closer and held more strongly by the nucleus.
Here is a periodic table to explain the irregularities better
ashu2147483647:
Tge answer is perfectly written
The*
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