Question

why is land ploughed and levelled before sowing

Answer 1

The primary purpose of ploughing is to turn over the upper layer of the soil, bringing fresh nutrients to the surface, while burying weeds and the remains of previous crops and allowing them to break down. As the plough is drawn through the soil it creates long trenches of fertile soil called furrows. In modern use, a ploughed field is typically left to dry out, and is then harrowed before planting. Ploughing and cultivating a soil homogenises and modifies the upper 12 to 25 cm of the soil to form a plough layer. In many soils, the majority of fine plant feeder roots can be found in the topsoil or plough layer.
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Answer 2

Land is ploughed to loose soil it will provide better penetration of roots and will provide good aeration. Land is levelled because levelling promotes uniform irrigation and also prevents water logging .