Why is ploughing necessary before sowing
the seeds? Give three reasons.
Why crop rotation is useful for farmers?
What are weeds? Why is it necessary to
remove weeds from our fields?
What is irrigation? Describe two methods or
irrigation which conserves water.
Name three natural methods of replenishing
the nutrients of the soil. Are these natural
methods sufficient to maintain the fertility of
the soil?
Name the three types of crops in our country
and give two examples of each.
Give three reasons, why soil should be
turned and loosened?
What are the three steps involved in the
preparation of soil?
Name the three tools used for ploughing and
give the function of each.
Why is it essential to sow seeds at an
appropriate distance?
How is organic manure obtained?
Give three reasons. Why water is important
for plants?
What are the advantages of sprinkler system
of irrigation?
Answers
Why ploughing is necessary before sowing:
- The loosening and turning of soil during ploughing brings nutrient rich soil to top.
- The loose soil allows the plant to penetrate freely and deeper into soil.
- Plants can be held more firmly to the ground.
Advantages of Crop rotation:
- It makes your soil more fertile, as legumes such as beans and groundnuts fix nitrogen in the soil.
- You use less chemical fertiliser, because the nitrogen is fixed naturally in the soil.
- It helps to control weeds, diseases and pests by breaking their life cycles.
What are weeds?
Weeds are unwanted plants in the cultivated field.
Why is it necessary to remove weeds from our fields?
- They compete for nutrients, space, water & light, therefore, adversely affect crop growth.
- Certain weeds such as nut grass actually reduce crop yield on farms because their roots release chemicals that are harmful to surrounding plants.
What is irrigation?
Irrigation is supply of water to the crops in regular time intervals.
Describe two methods or irrigation which conserves water.
(i) Sprinkler system : This system is used on the uneven land where less water is available. The perpendicular pipes, having rotating nozzles on top, are joined to the main pipeline at regular intervals. Water is allowed to flow through main pipe under pressure, which escapes from the rotating nozzles. In this way water gets sprinkled on the crop.
ii) Drip irrigation: This system is used to save water as it allows the water to flow drop by drop at the roots of the plants. It is the best technique for watering fruit plants, gardens and trees. Water is not wasted at all.
Name three natural methods of replenishing the nutrients of the soil.
Field fallow, crop rotation and mixed cropping
Are these natural methods sufficient to maintain the fertility of the soil?
Yes, but not completely, Fertilizers are also required.
Name the three types of crops in our country and give two examples of each.
Kharif Crops: rice, millets
Rabi Crops: barley, oats
Zaid Crops: pumpkin, bitter gourd.
What are the three steps involved in the preparation of soil?
Ploughing, Leveling and Manuring
Name the three tools used for ploughing and give the function of each.
Plough: It is the most ancient method for ploughing the seed. It contains a triangular iron strip which is called ploughshare. Then there is a long rod of wood called plough shaft. The one end of the shaft has a handle and another end is attached to a beam which is placed on a pair of bull.
Hoe: A hoe is a bladed tool that has a long rod of wood or iron. The one end of wood has a fixed strong blade and a bent plate of iron that works like a blade. Another end is attached to a beam that is placed on a pair of a bull during ploughing the field.
Cultivator: It is the modern method of ploughing done these days. It involves the use of the tractor to drive cultivator.
Why is it essential to sow seeds at an appropriate distance?
It is very important to sow seeds at the correct distance from each other because plants need some space to grow up and to stretch their branches and they will get sufficient amount of sunlight and nutrients and their will be no competition for food and nutrients.
How is organic manure obtained?
It is obtained when the plants and animal wastes are dumped in pits at open places. Then, the waste products decompose due to the microorganisms. The decomposed material is then converted into organic manure.
Give three reasons. Why water is important for plants?
- Nutrients dissolved in water are absorbed by roots of plants.
- Germination of seeds takes place because of water.
- It protects the plant from frost and hot air currents
What are the advantages of sprinkler system of irrigation?
It increases soil productivity. It protects the crops from extreme frost or temperature. Fertilizer and insecticide application can be done by the sprinkler system. Physical condition and composition of soil are maintained.
Hope these answers help.