Why is prime minister known as the real head of the state
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The Prime Minister is the most powerful person in India for a very specific reason: He is the only person who has the power to spend Central Government funds for any public purpose he deems fit. Lok Sabha is the the only body which can grant the Monetary Supply, and the President appoints a person who can get the supply as the Prime Minister. To understand the scheme of working of the Government in India, the provisions of the Constitution should be understood as a comprehensive scheme, and what is left unsaid in the Constitution must be carefully extrapolated.As per the Constitution of India, the President is the Chief Executive, and all executive actions are done in the name of the President. But the President needs a Council of Ministers with the prime Minister at its head, to advise him, and he is constitutionally bound by such advise. The only qualification required of the Prime Minister is that he should be a member of the Parliament, or should be elected to the Parliament within six months of appointment.Now, what prevents the President from appointing any member of Parliament he likes as the PM ? The answer lies elsewhere in the Constitution.The revenues of the Government from Central taxes like the Income tax, Customs, Central Excise and Service tax, are deposited in the consolidated fund of India. Only little amounts specified in the Constitution can be withdrawn directly from it, like the Salaries of the President, Vice President, Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, Comptroller and Auditor General, Election commissioners etc.All the other expenses of the Government: the salaries of the last grade employee to the Cabinet Secretary, from Sepoy to General; purchase of pins to fighter jets and payments to contractors, are granted by the Lok Sabha for three months to six months at a time. Only after the appropriation bill is passed, the Government can spend the money from the Consolidated fund. Such bills are called money bills, and only Lok Sabha can grant the bills. The Rajya Sabha cannot event amend a single letter in a money bill. (The Rajya Sabha an amend a bill, say for decriminalizing homosexuality, or a bill to create a new All India Service)So, if the President appoints a person who does not command a majority in the Lok Sabha as PM, he can render the President Beautiful and Wise advise, but will not have a single rupee to carry out his plans. Even the bodyguards of the President will be left unpaid,along with a million staff from postmen to Government Secretaries. The President’s horses will be left without fodder and the soldiers in Siachen will not have their ammunition replenished.So in short, without a Prime Minister who can get the Money Supply, the President is left a very powerless person.(The UK did not have an Official Prime Minister until recently. The term Prime Minister was a colloquial usage. The actual title of the Head of the Government and adviser to the Queen is “the First Lord of the Treasury”. The so called Chancellor of the Exchequer is officially “the Second Lord of the Treasury”. These offices indicate that they control the funds of the state through a majority in the lower House: the House of Commons.)
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