Why is sound wave called a longitudinal wave?
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The vibration of medium that travel along or parallel to the direction of wave is called a longitudinal wave. In a sound wave, the particles of the medium vibrate in the direction parallel to the direction of propagation of disturbances. Hence, a sound wave is called a longitudinal wave. For a sound wave traveling through air, the vibrations of the particles are best described as longitudinal. Sound waves in air (and any fluid medium) are longitudinal waves because particles of the medium through which the sound is transported vibrate parallel to the direction that the sound wave moves.
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- ғᴏʀ ᴀ sᴏᴜɴᴅ ᴡᴀᴠᴇ ᴛʀᴀᴠᴇʟɪɴɢ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ᴀɪʀ, ᴛʜᴇ ᴠɪʙʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴs ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇs ᴀʀᴇ ʙᴇsᴛ ᴅᴇsᴄʀɪʙᴇᴅ ᴀs ʟᴏɴɢɪᴛᴜᴅɪɴᴀʟ. ... sᴏᴜɴᴅ ᴡᴀᴠᴇs ɪɴ ᴀɪʀ (ᴀɴᴅ ᴀɴʏ ғʟᴜɪᴅ ᴍᴇᴅɪᴜᴍ) ᴀʀᴇ ʟᴏɴɢɪᴛᴜᴅɪɴᴀʟ ᴡᴀᴠᴇs ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜsᴇ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇs ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴇᴅɪᴜᴍ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴛʜᴇ sᴏᴜɴᴅ ɪs ᴛʀᴀɴsᴘᴏʀᴛᴇᴅ ᴠɪʙʀᴀᴛᴇ ᴘᴀʀᴀʟʟᴇʟ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅɪʀᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ sᴏᴜɴᴅ ᴡᴀᴠᴇ ᴍᴏᴠᴇs.
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