why is Taq polymerase preferred in PCR? mention the source of this enzyme.
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Taq DNA Polymerase is a highly thermostable recombinant DNA polymerase. It is named after Thermus aquaticus, the heat-tolerant bacterium from which it isolates itself. The molecular weight of the Taq Polymerase is 94kD, and it amplifies DNA up to 5kb with an elongation velocity of 0.9-1.2kb/min at 70-75°C.
Due to its key role in synthesizing and amplifying new strands of DNA, Taq DNA Polymerase is essential to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Like other DNA polymerases, Taq Polymerase can only produce DNA if it has a primer, a short sequence of 20 nucleotides that provide a starting point for DNA synthesis. However, it is also a thermostable DNA polymerase that can work at higher temperatures.
Taq DNA Polymerase is highly efficient, so it becomes fully functional as it reaches its optimum temperature. It also has a half-life of more than two hours (at a temperature of 92 °C), a high-amplification capacity, and the ability to add 150 nucleotides per second.