why is the cost of reproduction different for males and females?
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> Males and females of dioecious plant species often differ in their reproductive investment.
> Such differences frequently result in differential demographic costs represented by lower growth, survival, frequency of reproduction, by more variable reproductive effort through time for females.
> It has been estimated that the reproductive investment of both males and females, determined their age structure, and compared their spatial patterns in a population at Quebec.
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Why is the cost of reproduction different for males and females?
☛ Males and Females of dioecious plant species often differ in their reproductive investment.
☛ Such difference frequently result in differential demographic costs represented by lower growth, survival, frequency of reproduction, by more variable reproductive effort through time for females.
☛ It has been estimated that the reproductive investment both males and females, determined their age structure, and compared their spatial patterns in a population at Quebec.