Why is the sp3d orbital considered as combination of sp2 and pd orbitals?
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- Trigonal Planar
The carbon has no lone pairs and is bonded to three hydrogens so we just need three hybrid orbitals, aka sp2.
2. sp3 - Tetrahedral
Don't forget to take into account all the lone pairs. Every lone pair needs it own hybrid orbital. That makes three hybrid orbitals for lone pairs and the oxygen is bonded to one hydrogen which requires another sp3 orbital. That makes 4 orbitals, aka sp3.
3. sp - Linear
The carbon is bonded to two other atoms, that means it needs two hybrid orbitals, aka sp.
An easy way to figure out what hybridization an atom has is to just count the number of atoms bonded to it and the number of lone pairs. Double and triple bonds still count as being only bonded to one atom. Use this method to go over the above problems again and make sure you understand it. It's a lot easier to figure out the hybridization this way.
Contributors
Harpreet Chima (UCD), Farah Yasmeen
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How to Draw Organic Molecules
Index of Hydrogen Deficiency (IHD)
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Chemical Reactivity
Intermolecular Forces
NomenclatureThe increasingly large number of organic compounds identified with each passing day, together with the fact that many of these compounds are isomers o...
Molecular Classes
Lewis Structures
The carbon has no lone pairs and is bonded to three hydrogens so we just need three hybrid orbitals, aka sp2.
2. sp3 - Tetrahedral
Don't forget to take into account all the lone pairs. Every lone pair needs it own hybrid orbital. That makes three hybrid orbitals for lone pairs and the oxygen is bonded to one hydrogen which requires another sp3 orbital. That makes 4 orbitals, aka sp3.
3. sp - Linear
The carbon is bonded to two other atoms, that means it needs two hybrid orbitals, aka sp.
An easy way to figure out what hybridization an atom has is to just count the number of atoms bonded to it and the number of lone pairs. Double and triple bonds still count as being only bonded to one atom. Use this method to go over the above problems again and make sure you understand it. It's a lot easier to figure out the hybridization this way.
Contributors
Harpreet Chima (UCD), Farah Yasmeen
Back to top
How to Draw Organic Molecules
Index of Hydrogen Deficiency (IHD)
Recommended articles
Chemical Reactivity
Intermolecular Forces
NomenclatureThe increasingly large number of organic compounds identified with each passing day, together with the fact that many of these compounds are isomers o...
Molecular Classes
Lewis Structures
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