Question

Why is the structure of an antibody molecule represented as h2l2 ? Name any two types of antibodies produced in a human body?

Answer 1

STRUCTURE OF ANTIBODY

Each antibody molecule has four peptide chains, two long chains and two short chains arranged in a Y shaped structure.

Two long chains are called heavy chains and two short chains are called light chains, hence an antibody is represented as H2L2.

Antibody isotypes, or antibody classes, define the role of the antibody in the body. All classes are named using the convention Ig*, where Ig stands for immunoglobulin and * is thedesignation for the specific isotype. There are five different antibodyisotypes seen in humans: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgD.

Answer 2

The structure of antibody molecule represent  as H2L2 because it has 2 heavy chains and 2 light chains.

Explanation:

• These protiens ( immunoglobulin) produced within the body by the plasma cells against antigens .
• The basic unit of all antibody / immunoglobulin (Ig) molecule consists of four polypeptide chains linked by  Disulphide bonds .
• Antibodies are protein molecules called immunoglobulin .
• Most of the antibodies are euglobulin and gamma globulin.
• Two types of antibodies produced in human body are as follows:

IgA- second most prevalent antibody having two monomer

• constituting 15% of the total antibodies .
• found in the body secretions from nose , eye , lungs and digestive tract , saliva , tears etc.
• also found in colostrum , i.e. breast milk for newborns to provide passive immune protection.      

IgM- third most common antibody having 5 monomers

• constituting  15%of total antibodies .
• they  are first  to be produced in response to encounter with a pathogen .
• responsible for blood transfusion reactions ABO blood system.