Question

Why is the sun seen a few minutes before it rises above the horizon in the morning, and in the evening a few minutes longer after it sets?

Answer 1

Early sunrise and delayed sunset are because of the refraction of the light from the Sun by the Earth's atmosphere. The atmosphere of the Earth bends the path of the light so that we can see the Sun in a position slightly differetnt from where it really is.

Answer 2

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1. The earth is surrounded by an atmosphere which is denser near the surface of the earth.

2. When the rays of light from the Sun enter the earth's atmosphere from outer space, they travel from a rarer medium to a denser medium.

3. Hence, they bend towards the normal on refraction.

4. Hence, even when th sun is below the horizon while rising or setting, its rays reach is due to refraction and it appears to be on the horizon.

Therefore, the sun is seen a few minutes before it rises above the horizon in the morning, and in the evening a few minutes longer after it sets.

Hope it helps!

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