why is the valency of phosphorus 3 & 5 both ?
Answers
Answered by
15
valency of phosphorus can be both 3 and 5, it depends upon the molecule because of the following reason ::==》》
P has a lone pair in s orbital and 3 unpaired electron in p orbital of valence shell so generally it form 3 bonds with other atoms , hence valency 3 like PH3
If more electronegative atom is attached with P like florine and chlorine then partial positive charge develops on P and thus energy gap between s orbital and vacant d orbital decrease. So one electron from lone pair in s orbital excite to d orbital and now there are 5 unpaired electrons. So P is able to form 5 bonds, thus valency become 5 in this case. Eg: PF5 , PCl5
P has a lone pair in s orbital and 3 unpaired electron in p orbital of valence shell so generally it form 3 bonds with other atoms , hence valency 3 like PH3
If more electronegative atom is attached with P like florine and chlorine then partial positive charge develops on P and thus energy gap between s orbital and vacant d orbital decrease. So one electron from lone pair in s orbital excite to d orbital and now there are 5 unpaired electrons. So P is able to form 5 bonds, thus valency become 5 in this case. Eg: PF5 , PCl5
Answered by
1
Explanation:
Phosphorus(Atomic no. 15) has its electrons arranged in a configuration of 2,8,5. Now, orbits are stable when they are full. In this case, The outer orbit must have eight electrons for stability in combining with other elements, also known as valency. So one can either add 3 electrons to the outer orbit or take away 5 electrons with equal ease. So Phosphorus has a valency of 3 or 5.
Similar questions