Question

why is the year 1240 important in chapter the delhi sultunate​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Raziya al-Din (r. 1236–1240), popularly known as Razia Sultana, was a ruler of the Delhi Sultanate in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. She is notable for being the first female Muslim ruler of the Indian Subcontinent.

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Answer 2

The Delhi Sultanate was an Islamic empire based in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years (1206–1526).[5][6] Five dynasties ruled over the Delhi Sultanate sequentially: the Mamluk/ Slave dynasty (1206–1290), the Khilji dynasty (1290–1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1414),[7] the Sayyid dynasty (1414–1451), and the Lodi dynasty (1451–1526).

Delhi Sultanate
1206–1526
Delhi Sultanate reached its zenith under the Turko-Indian Tughlaq dynasty.[1]
Delhi Sultanate reached its zenith under the Turko-Indian Tughlaq dynasty.[1]
Capital
Lahore (1206–1210)
Badayun (1210–1214)
Delhi (1214–1327)
Daulatabad (1327–1334)
Delhi (1334–1506)
Agra (1506–1526)
Common languages
Persian (official),[2] Hindustani (since 1451)[3]
Religion
Sunni Islam
Government
Sultanate
Sultan

• 1206–1210
Qutb al-Din Aibak (first)
• 1517–1526
Ibrahim Lodi (last)
Legislature
Corps of Forty
Historical era
Middle Ages
• Independence[4]
12 June 1206
• Battle of Amroha
20 December 1305
• Battle of Panipat
21 April 1526
Currency
Taka
Preceded by Succeeded by
Ghurid dynasty
Gahadavala
Chandela dynasty
Paramara dynasty
Deva dynasty
Seuna (Yadava) dynasty
Kakatiya dynasty
Musunuri Nayaks
Vaghela dynasty
Yajvapala dynasty
Chahamanas of Ranastambhapura
Mughal Empire
Bengal Sultanate
Bahamani Sultanate
Gujarat Sultanate
Malwa Sultanate
Vijayanagara Empire
Today part of
Bangladesh
India
Nepal
Pakistan
It covered parts of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and some parts of southern Nepal.

As a successor to the short-lived Ghurid empire, the Delhi Sultanate was originally one among a number of principalities ruled by Turkic slave-generals of Muhammad Ghori, who had conquered large parts of northern India, including Yildiz, Aibek and Qubacha, that had inherited and divided the Ghurid territories amongst themselves.[8] After a long period of infighting, the Mamluks were overthrown in the Khalji revolution which marked the transfer of power from the Turks to a heterogenous Indo-Mussalman nobility.[9][10] Both of the resulting Khalji and Tughlaq dynasties respectively saw a new wave of rapid Muslim conquests deep into South India.[11] The sultanate finally reached the peak of its geographical reach during the Tughlaq Dynasty, occupying most of the Indian subcontinent.[12] This was followed by decline due to Hindu reconquests, states such as the Vijayanagara Empire and Mewar asserting independence, and new Muslim sultanates such as the Bengal Sultanate breaking off.[13][14] In 1526, the Sultanate was conquered and succeeded by the Mughal Empire.

The sultanate is noted for its integration of the Indian subcontinent into a global cosmopolitan culture[15] (as seen concretely in the development of the Hindustani language[16] and Indo-Islamic architecture[17][18]), being one of the few powers to repel attacks by the Mongols (from the Chagatai Khanate)[19] and for enthroning one of the few female rulers in Islamic history, Razia Sultana, who reigned from 1236 to 1240.[20] Bakhtiyar Khalji's annexations were responsible for the large-scale desecration of Hindu and Buddhist temples[21] (leading to the decline of Buddhism in East India and Bengal[22][23]), and the destruction of universities and libraries.[24][25] Mongolian raids on West and Central Asia set the scene for centuries of migration of fleeing soldiers, learned men, mystics, traders, artists, and artisans from those regions into the subcontinent, thereby establishing Islamic culture in India.