Why is there an exception to every rule?
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Answer:
For every rule, there is an exception. So you always follow the rule, except when there is an exception, in which case you follow a new rule based on that exception.
Because it’s all but impossible to conceive of a rule that is appropriate for every case. If we’re talking about rules of law or behaviour, they are often -but not always- put in place for the common good, but if enforced too blindly they can lead to suffering, inconvenience and, very often, injustice. The rule maker could give some lassitude to whomever is charged with enforcing the rule, but this can often get messy at it can lead to confusion, argument and, quite likely, corruption. Far easier to control the situation if you stipulate specific exceptions as and when they seem wise. So: no dogs allowed except guide dogs. Ordinary dog owners (and their dogs!) might not be pleased but at least everyone knows where they stand!