Why its van der Waals force is greather than the covalent radius?
Why does LiCl has a lower MP than NaCl?
Why energy release when electron is added to a neutral atom?
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Answers
Explanation:
Why its van der Waals force is greater than the covalent radius ;
The van der waals force acts between atoms in the solid state .
It is weak and atom is held at larger distance .
Therefore , internuclear distance in case atoms held by this force which is larger that covalent bonded atoms .
Therefore . van der Waals force is always greater than the covalent radius .
Why does LiCl has a lower MP than NaCl ;
It is due to following reason :
LiCl is smaller catonic size NaCl .
LiCl has larger charge than NaCl .
LiCl has also larger polarzing power than NaCl.
Why energy release when electron is added to a neutral atom ?
It is due to electron gain enthalpy .
When electron added to gaseous isolated state of atom energy get released .
This energy required to pull the electron away from the nucleus of an atom .
1) Van der waals radius of an element is always larger than its covalent radius because: 1)Since the van der waal forces of attraction are weak ,therefore, the internuclear distance in case of atoms held by van der waal forces are much larger than those between covalently bonded atoms.
2) Sodium has higher reactivity so it more easily loose electron than lithium and make more stronger bond of attraction than lithium.
That is why sodium and chloride ions makes a stronger bond than lithium and chloride ions.
Hence it needs more energy to break the bond.
There fore it (NaCl) has higher melting point than licl
3) When electrons are removed from an atom, that process requires energy to pull the electron away from the nucleus. Addition of an electron releases energy from the process. The energy change that occurs when a neutral atom gains an electron is called its electron affinity .
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