why Li and Na considered as active metals
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The Li and Na have belongs to s-block of group 1 of periodic table. Their sizes are bigger and can loose electrons easily making these elements highly reactive.
F is electronegative elements, smaller in size, have high charge density. These factors make it more reactive.
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(a) Both Li and Na are active metals since their atoms have only one electron in their valence shells. They readily lose their single electron to attain the stable configuration of nearest noble gas.
(b) Mg is placed after Na in the same period. The atomic size decreases along a period due to increased nuclear charge that results in a stronger pull of the outer electrons towards the nucleus.
(c) Both F and Cl belong to group 17. Since fluorine is more electronegative than chlorine so it is more reactive than chlorine.
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