Why lif almost insoluble in water whereas licl is soluble in both water as well as acetone?
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In Lithium fluoride the lattice enthalpy is very high due to small size of fluoride ions. In this case the hydration enthalpy is very less. Hence, LiF is insoluble in water. ... Due to its low hydration energy and partial covalent and partial ionic character LiCl is soluble in water as well as acetone.
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LiF is covalent compound which has small size of anion and cation i.e lithium and fluoride ions respectively
Due to this small sizes of ions lattice enthalpy i.e energy to break crystalline structure into its constitutient atoms,ions or molecules is very high so this compound is very stable in solid state
As this compound is stable in solid state when we add LiF in Aqueous solutions or in water due to its covalent nature also and hydration enthalpy i.e. energy released when ions of solute gets intermolecularly attracted with water molecules or water ions H+ and OH- is very less means it is less stable in Aqueous state
whereas in case of LiCl is a compound having size of anion relatively greater than size of cation i.e. size of anion>size of cation which makes it partially covalent and partially ionic nature of compound
As we know, ionic compounds gets readily soluble in water and Aqueous solutions and it's hydration enthalpy is also high means it's more stable in liquid phase than LiF
Due to this small sizes of ions lattice enthalpy i.e energy to break crystalline structure into its constitutient atoms,ions or molecules is very high so this compound is very stable in solid state
As this compound is stable in solid state when we add LiF in Aqueous solutions or in water due to its covalent nature also and hydration enthalpy i.e. energy released when ions of solute gets intermolecularly attracted with water molecules or water ions H+ and OH- is very less means it is less stable in Aqueous state
whereas in case of LiCl is a compound having size of anion relatively greater than size of cation i.e. size of anion>size of cation which makes it partially covalent and partially ionic nature of compound
As we know, ionic compounds gets readily soluble in water and Aqueous solutions and it's hydration enthalpy is also high means it's more stable in liquid phase than LiF
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