Why Mongols were Unable to Conquer India ?
Answers
Answer:
By about 1300, the Mongols got weaker and the Delhi Sultanate got stronger under the new Khalji Dynasty. So the Delhi Sultanate won several big battles and pushed the Mongols out of India. The Mongols invaded India once again in 1398. An unrelated Mongol khan , Timur, was trying to rebuild the Mongol empire.
Answer:
Hope the below answer helps you...
Explanation:
They tried initially and failed. They won some victories, but also lost much - eventually could not hold on or expand. That is as far as mainstream Mongol conquest is concerned. But the Mongols ultimately conquered India a big way, though in a different way - more to that later.
You can read all about Mongol attacks on Delhi Sultanate in wiki as well as history books that cover 13th and 14th century India. Giving a refresher below.
The start of Mongol interest on India was the aftermath of battle of Indus (1221), when Jalal-ad-din Mingburu of Khwarezmid Empire of Persia was defeated by Ghengis Khan. Jala-ad-din escaped to India and the Mongols chased him. Ghengis Khan reportedly sent an envoy to Iltutmish’s court, but what transpired is not known. Some say there was an unwritten pact of non-aggression toward each other, at least for the next decade or so.
1235:
The Mongols ransacked Punjab, Mongols invaded Kashmir and captured Kashmir. This was the first victory of the Mongols in India that resulted in them ruling a territory.
1241, 1245–46:
Lahore was attacked and destroyed in 1241. Again twice in 1245 and 1246, resulting in the leveling of the city.
1257:
Governor of Sindh changed loyalty to Mongol Hulagu Khan and ceded his province's control to the Mongols, but due to some reason, Hulagu Khan was reluctant to further press to Delhi.
1292:
This time the Mongols made up their mind to control Delhi, and as a first step attacked Punjab. However, they were defeated by Khalji dynasty Sultan Jalauddin.
1295–96
Several times the Mongol faced the Delhi Sultanante. But each time Delhi Sultanate won. There was a state of constant warfare.
1298:
Another conflict between the Mongols and Alaudddin Khilji resulted in Mongol defeat in Sindh.
1299:
Mongols attempted to take Delhi and failed. They won the battle against Zafar Khan, a general under Khilji, but in turn suffered heavy losses and had to withdraw.
1303:
Mongols entered and occupied nearly unprotected Delhi while Alauddin Khilji was in his own campaign in Chittor while the other half of army was in Warangal. For 2 months Alauddin Khilji could not re-take Delhi, but ultimately the Mongols had to withdraw since they could not take Khilji’s siege anymore.
1305:
Another invasion by Mongols in 1305, again defeated by Delhi Sultanate (battle of Amroha).
1306:
To avenge the defeat in 1305, Mongols again attacked in 1306 and a battle raged along Ravi river. Mongols were soundly defeated. They had actually plans to settle in Delhi and brought their wives and concubines with them. After the defeat, the Khilji army brought the women1 to Delhi. The Mongols surrendered all territories and retreated to Ghazni. Soon they surrendered Ghazni also.
After 1306, the Mongols went into decline as far as their influence in the region was concerned. In turn, the infamous Tughlaq of Khilji dynasty raided Mongol territory from time to time.
The story however did not end well for India. Babur of Timurid dynasty, who had Turko-Mongol ancestry invaded India in 1519 and the battle of Panipat in 1526 was the begining of Moghul control of India who later gained control of Delhi and founded the Moghul rule (Mongol is Moghul in Persian) in India.
So in conclusion, a direct descendant of Ghengis Khan eventually succeed in capturing India, even if it was after 2 centuries and even though he was not from the Mongol empire in classical sense.