Question

Why more electrostatic field lines be normal to the surface at every point of a charged conductor?

Answer 1

Electric field is defined to be the gradient of potential and the surface of a conductor has a constant potential.

Therefore, there is no field along the surface of the conductor and, hence, the electrostatic field at the surface of a charged conductor should be normal to the surface at every point.

Answer 2

Explanation:

Electric field is defined to be the gradient of potential and the surface of a conductor has a constant potential. Therefore, there is no field along the surface of the conductor and, hence, the electrostatic field at the surface of a charged conductor should be normal to the surface at every point.