why NADH and FADH produce 3 ATP and 2ATP each?
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First, those are outdated estimates. The current estimates are about 2.5 ATP / NADH and about 1.5 ATP / FADH2.
The reason why more ATP are produced from NADH than from FADH2 is that FAD takes less energy to reduce than does NAD+; so when the opposite (oxidation) occurs, more energy is released from NADH than from FADH2.
“Although many of the reactions involved in glucose and fatty acid oxidation are sufficiently energetic to reduced NAD+, several are not. To capture the energy released by those reactions, they are coupled to the reduction of FAD, which requires less energy.”
Molecular Cell Biology: Eighth Edition, Harvey Lodish, et al., W. H. Freeman & Co., 2016, p539
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